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 鋼鐵廠廢水處理回用工程方案

  一 鋼鐵廠廢水處理工程概況

該鋼廠形成600萬噸/年生產(chǎn)規(guī)模時，平均排水量將達(dá)到4000m?/h。廢水處理工程設(shè)計平均日處理能力9.6萬米3，夏季最大日處理能力10.8萬米3,其中70%作為工業(yè)補(bǔ)水回到廠區(qū)管網(wǎng)，其余達(dá)標(biāo)后排放。

  該廢水處理回用工程于2010年4月開工建設(shè)，20012年1月主體結(jié)構(gòu)完工，2012年5月試運(yùn)行，2012年8月交付生產(chǎn)。工程占地29500㎡，新建建、構(gòu)筑物占地8041㎡，綠化覆蓋率32%，靜態(tài)投資為8643萬元。

  廠區(qū)全部廢水經(jīng)處理后達(dá)到排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，其中回用水經(jīng)軟化、過濾、消毒等深度處理后，達(dá)到生產(chǎn)用水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

Plant waste water treatment recycling project plan

An overview of wastewater treatment works in a steel plant

The average displacement of the steel plant will reach 4000m to the third/h when the steel plant is produced at 6 million tons/year. The average daily processing capacity of wastewater treatment works is 96,000 m 3, and the maximum daily processing capacity of the summer is 10.8000m 3. 70% of it is returned to the factory pipe network as industrial rehydration, and the remaining discharge after reaching the standard.

The waste water treatment recycling project started construction in April 2010. The main structure was completed in January, 20012. The trial operation was conducted in May 2012 and the production was delivered in August 2012. The project covers an area of 29500 ㎡, the new building and structures which covers an area of 8041 ㎡, green coverage of 32%, the static investment is 86.43 million yuan.

All waste water in the factory will meet the emission standard after treatment, and the water will reach the standard of production water after softening, filtering and disinfecting.

二 處理工藝

  1 廢水設(shè)計水質(zhì)

本工程原水屬典型的冶金工業(yè)廢水，處理后外排出水要求達(dá)到地方排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的二級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。本工程設(shè)計進(jìn)水水質(zhì)見下表：

                         設(shè)計廢水綜合水質(zhì)

Two-process process

Wastewater design water quality

The original water of this project is a typical metallurgical industrial effluent, which is required to meet the secondary standard of local emission standard after treatment. The water quality of the engineering design is shown in the following table:

Design wastewater comprehensive water quality

序號水質(zhì)指標(biāo)指標(biāo)數(shù)值備注

1pH值7.0~8.5 

2SS/（mg/L）＜200 

3COD/（mg/L）＜150 

4BOD/（mg/L）＜40 

5石油類/（mg/L）10~20通常為下限

6總硬度/（mg/L）300~480以CaCO3計

7暫時硬度/（mg/L）250~350以CaCO3計

8鈣硬度/（mg/L）120~220以CaCO3計

9總堿度/（mg/L）250~350以CaCO3計

10含鹽量/（mg/L）1100~1300 

11總鐵/（mg/L）＜0.1 

12CI-/（mg/L）＜260一般為120~140

13SO2-4/（mg/L）190~220 

14F-/（mg/L）3~5 

15溫度/（mg/L）＜35 

                         廢水排放及回用限值

序號水質(zhì)指標(biāo)指標(biāo)數(shù)值外排限值備注

1pH值7.0~8.56~8.5 

2SS/（mg/L）＜5＜30 

3COD/（mg/L）＜30＜50 

4BOD/（mg/L）＜10＜25 

5石油類/（mg/L）＜2＜4 

6總硬度/（mg/L）200~300 以CaCO3計

7暫時硬度/（mg/L）＜100 以CaCO3計

8鈣硬度/（mg/L）＜30 以CaCO3計

9總堿度/（mg/L）＜100 以CaCO3計

10含鹽量/（mg/L）＜1100  

11總鐵/（mg/L）＜0.1  

12CI-/（mg/L）＜130  

13SO2-4/（mg/L）＜200  

14F-/（mg/L） 3 

15溫度/（mg/L）＜35  

2 處理工藝

  本工程進(jìn)水為典型的鋼鐵工業(yè)廢水，有機(jī)污染物含量不高，可生化性差，不適宜采用生化方法降解。本項目主要采用物理化學(xué)法。作為工業(yè)補(bǔ)水，在回用水深度處理中增加去除暫時硬度、總堿度軟化、過濾、消毒等工藝。

廠區(qū)排出的工業(yè)廢水用管道輸送至廢水處理廠進(jìn)水口。經(jīng)過預(yù)處理部分，用粗、細(xì)格柵將來水中較大顆粒的漂浮物去除；再由提升泵到配水構(gòu)筑物，在此投加混凝劑和石灰以及硫酸，然后將廢水分配到高密度澄清池，除去水中的懸浮物和膠體物質(zhì)，保證水的澄清度，同時外排水還有除氟工藝。總進(jìn)水的70%經(jīng)高密度澄清池處理后，再經(jīng)V形濾池過濾并投加液氯消毒后，送往廠區(qū)作為工業(yè)水的補(bǔ)充水，總進(jìn)水的30%經(jīng)高密度澄清池處理至達(dá)標(biāo)后排放。                     

2 treatment process

This engineering water is typical of steel industry wastewater, organic pollutant content is not high, but biochemical difference is not suitable for biodegradation. This project mainly adopts physical chemistry method. As an industrial rehydration, the process of removing temporary hardness, softening of total alkalinity, filtration and disinfection is added in the treatment of water reuse.

The industrial effluent discharged from the factory is piped into the water inlet of the waste water treatment plant. After the pretreatment part, the large particles in the water will be removed by means of coarse and fine grille. By lift pump to the water distribution structures, again in the dosing coagulant and lime and sulfuric acid, and then assigned to high-density clarifier and wastewater to remove the suspended solids in the water and colloidal substances, ensure the clarity of water, drainage and fluoride in process at the same time. 70% of the total water treated with high-density clarifier, then through v-type filtration process and after adding the liquid chlorine disinfection, sent to the factory as make-up water of industrial water, 30% of the total water discharged after high-density clarifier processing to amount to mark.

三  工程設(shè)計

1 平面設(shè)計

  本工程占地面積29500㎡，南北向布置。廢水原水由西側(cè)進(jìn)入處理廠，經(jīng)處理后由北側(cè)回水泵房送入廠區(qū)作為補(bǔ)水。

2 高程設(shè)計

  地面標(biāo)高作為處理系統(tǒng)的相對標(biāo)高±0.00.廢水只經(jīng)過預(yù)處理提升泵一次提升，此后處理工程靠重力流實現(xiàn)。

3 建、構(gòu)筑物設(shè)計

  根據(jù)本工程巖土工程勘察報告，重要的構(gòu)筑物如高密度澄清池、V形濾池、預(yù)處理單元等基礎(chǔ)落在卵石層上，地基土承受標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值400kPa；一般建筑物如綜合樓基礎(chǔ)落在黏質(zhì)粉土層上，地基土承受力標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值150kPa。

  主要構(gòu)筑物采用鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)，變電所采用磚混結(jié)構(gòu)，電纜溝采用混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)。主要建、構(gòu)筑物設(shè)計下表

Three engineering design

1 graphic design

The project covers an area of 29500 ㎡, north and south to decorate. The original water from the waste water is entered into the treatment plant by the west side. After treatment, the north water pump room is sent to the plant to supplement the water.

2 elevation design

The ground elevation is the relative elevation of the treatment system. The waste water is only improved by the pretreatment of the pretreatment, and then the treatment works by gravity flow.

3 construction and structure design

According to the geotechnical engineering investigation report, important structures such as high density clarifying pool, v-shaped filter and pretreatment unit fall on the pebble layer, and the foundation soil is subjected to a standard value of 400kPa. General buildings such as complex buildings are on the clay soil layer, the foundation soil bearing stress standard is 150kPa.

The main structures are reinforced concrete structure, brick and concrete structure is adopted, and concrete structure is adopted in cable trench. Main construction, structure design of the table

  運(yùn)行情況

     監(jiān)測結(jié)果

2012年5月正式運(yùn)行，系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定，各項指標(biāo)均達(dá)到設(shè)計值。年運(yùn)行檢測數(shù)據(jù)（月平均值）見下表：

Operation of the

Monitoring results

In May 2012, the system was operational and the system was stable. All indexes were designed. Annual operation test data (monthly mean) see table below:

               2014 月平均數(shù)據(jù)

月份pH值SS/（mg/L）暫時硬度（mg/L）含鹽量（mg/L）

1月7.64.1270.01056

2月7.55.0075.01048

3月7.34.8175.01047

4月7.24.0080.01000

5月8.05.0085.01020

6月8.14.7585.01000

7月8.14.0790.0990

8月7.64.7890.01000

9月7.84.874.0900

10月7.85.0078.01050

11月7.95.0076.01040

12月7.84.890.01020

        主要技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)

該廠區(qū)廢水處理工程投資8643萬元，勞動定員50人，裝機(jī)容量1800kW，運(yùn)行日耗點22000kW?h，藥費(fèi)0.12元/m?，年運(yùn)行費(fèi)1800萬元。噸水處理費(fèi)0.80元/m?。

 工程評析

  該廢水處理工程的建設(shè)采用公開招標(biāo)，由我公司中標(biāo)，其主要工藝系統(tǒng)高密度澄清池、V形濾池、全自動加藥及控制系統(tǒng)均采用該公司的技術(shù)和設(shè)備。作為核心單元的高密度澄清池是由我公司研制的一種斜管沉淀及污泥循環(huán)方式的高速澄清池，具有處理工藝占地少、處理效率高、管理方便等特點。

  本工程憑借先進(jìn)的工藝、高自動化控制，投產(chǎn)以來運(yùn)行良好。采用本工藝處理冶金行業(yè)廢水經(jīng)濟(jì)有效，出水水質(zhì)穩(wěn)定，出水懸浮物小于5mg/L，COD小于15mg/L，污水含水率30%。

Main technical and economic indicators

The waste water treatment project in this factory has an investment of 8643 million yuan, 50 workers, 1800kW installed capacity, 22000kW? h, 0.12yuan/m cubed, and annual transportation fee of RMB 18 million. Tons of water treatment cost 0.80 yuan/m cubed.

Engineering evaluation

Adopts the public tender for the construction of the wastewater treatment projects, by our company won the bid, the main technology system of high-density clarifier, v-shaped filter, automatic dosing and the control system adopts the technology and equipment of the company. As the core unit of high-density clarifier was developed by our company a way of inclined pipe and setting and sludge circulation clarifier, treatment process covers an area of less, with high efficiency, convenient management, etc.

With advanced technology and high automation, this project has been well run since its production. The water quality is stable, the effluent suspension is less than 5mg/L, COD is less than 15mg/L, and the water content is 30%.

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